Mediterranean Ocean Heat Content Anomaly (0-700m) time series and trend from Reanalysis & Multi-Observations Reprocessing
'''DEFINITION'''
Ocean heat content (OHC) is defined here as the deviation from a reference period (1993-2014) and is closely proportional to the average temperature change from z1 = 0 m to z2 = 700 m depth:
OHC=∫_(z_1)^(z_2)ρ_0 c_p (T_yr-T_clim )dz [1]
with a reference density of = 1030 kgm-3 and a specific heat capacity of cp = 3980 J kg-1 °C-1 (e.g. von Schuckmann et al., 2009).
Time series of annual mean values area averaged ocean heat content is provided for the Mediterranean Sea (30°N, 46°N; 6°W, 36°E) and is evaluated for topography deeper than 300m.
'''CONTEXT'''
Knowing how much and where heat energy is stored and released in the ocean is essential for understanding the contemporary Earth system state, variability and change, as the oceans shape our perspectives for the future.
The quality evaluation of MEDSEA_OMI_OHC_area_averaged_anomalies is based on the “multi-product” approach as introduced in the second issue of the Ocean State Report (von Schuckmann et al., 2018), and following the MyOcean’s experience (Masina et al., 2017).
Six global products and a regional (Mediterranean Sea) product have been used to build an ensemble mean, and its associated ensemble spread. The reference products are:
The Mediterranean Sea Reanalysis at 1/24 degree horizontal resolution (MEDSEA_MULTIYEAR_PHY_006_004, DOI: https://doi.org/10.25423/CMCC/MEDSEA_MULTIYEAR_PHY_006_004_E3R1, Escudier et al., 2020)
Four global reanalyses at 1/4 degree horizontal resolution (GLOBAL_REANALYSIS_PHY_001_031):
GLORYS, C-GLORS, ORAS5, FOAM
Two observation based products:
CORA (INSITU_GLO_TS_REP_OBSERVATIONS_013_001_b) and
ARMOR3D (MULTIOBS_GLO_PHY_TSUV_3D_MYNRT_015_012).
Details on the products are delivered in the PUM and QUID of this OMI.
'''CMEMS KEY FINDINGS'''
The ensemble mean ocean heat content anomaly time series over the Mediterranean Sea shows a continuous increase in the period 1993-2019 at rate of 1.4±0.3 W/m2 in the upper 700m. After 2005 the rate has clearly increased with respect the previous decade, in agreement with Iona et al. (2018).
'''DOI (product):'''
Simple
- Title
-
Mediterranean Ocean Heat Content Anomaly (0-700m) time series and trend from Reanalysis & Multi-Observations Reprocessing
- Alternate title
-
MEDSEA_OMI_OHC_area_averaged_anomalies
- Date (Creation)
- 2018-02-12
- Edition
-
3.4
- Edition date
- 2023-03-30
- Citation identifier
- 44667b32-ed06-40df-a687-a2d738cb26db
- Abstract
-
'''DEFINITION'''
Ocean heat content (OHC) is defined here as the deviation from a reference period (1993-2014) and is closely proportional to the average temperature change from z1 = 0 m to z2 = 700 m depth:
OHC=∫_(z_1)^(z_2)ρ_0 c_p (T_yr-T_clim )dz [1]
with a reference density of = 1030 kgm-3 and a specific heat capacity of cp = 3980 J kg-1 °C-1 (e.g. von Schuckmann et al., 2009).
Time series of annual mean values area averaged ocean heat content is provided for the Mediterranean Sea (30°N, 46°N; 6°W, 36°E) and is evaluated for topography deeper than 300m.
'''CONTEXT'''
Knowing how much and where heat energy is stored and released in the ocean is essential for understanding the contemporary Earth system state, variability and change, as the oceans shape our perspectives for the future.
The quality evaluation of MEDSEA_OMI_OHC_area_averaged_anomalies is based on the “multi-product” approach as introduced in the second issue of the Ocean State Report (von Schuckmann et al., 2018), and following the MyOcean’s experience (Masina et al., 2017).
Six global products and a regional (Mediterranean Sea) product have been used to build an ensemble mean, and its associated ensemble spread. The reference products are:
The Mediterranean Sea Reanalysis at 1/24 degree horizontal resolution (MEDSEA_MULTIYEAR_PHY_006_004, DOI: https://doi.org/10.25423/CMCC/MEDSEA_MULTIYEAR_PHY_006_004_E3R1, Escudier et al., 2020)
Four global reanalyses at 1/4 degree horizontal resolution (GLOBAL_REANALYSIS_PHY_001_031):
GLORYS, C-GLORS, ORAS5, FOAM
Two observation based products:
CORA (INSITU_GLO_TS_REP_OBSERVATIONS_013_001_b) and
ARMOR3D (MULTIOBS_GLO_PHY_TSUV_3D_MYNRT_015_012).
Details on the products are delivered in the PUM and QUID of this OMI.
'''CMEMS KEY FINDINGS'''
The ensemble mean ocean heat content anomaly time series over the Mediterranean Sea shows a continuous increase in the period 1993-2019 at rate of 1.4±0.3 W/m2 in the upper 700m. After 2005 the rate has clearly increased with respect the previous decade, in agreement with Iona et al. (2018).
'''DOI (product):'''
- Credit
-
E.U. Copernicus Marine Service Information
- Point of contact
-
Organisation name Individual name Electronic mail address Role MED-CMCC-LECCE-IT
Giovanni Coppini
Production center MED-CMCC-LECCE-IT
Stefano Salon
Product manager MED-CMCC-LECCE-IT
Rita Lecci
Local service desk MED-CMCC-LECCE-IT
Massimiliano Drudi
Production Unit MOI-OMI-SERVICE
MOI-OMI-SERVICE
Dissemination Unit
- Maintenance and update frequency
- Annually
- Other
-
P0M0D0H/P0M0D0H
- Maintenance note
-
N/A
-
GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0
- Use limitation
-
See Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service Data commitments and licence at: http://marine.copernicus.eu/web/27-service-commitments-and-licence.php
- Access constraints
- Other restrictions
- Use constraints
- License
- Other legal constraints
-
No limitations on public access
- Aggregate Datasetindentifier
- 0a8b13bf-1d15-4d4d-8f68-72d85544e8d2
- Association Type
- Cross reference
- Initiative Type
- Document
- Aggregate Datasetindentifier
- 3d22125c-1fdb-4221-9753-f59fb6297746
- Association Type
- Cross reference
- Initiative Type
- Document
- Aggregate Datasetindentifier
- 0d9e76e5-7780-4743-b719-96db42bb550a
- Association Type
- Cross reference
- Initiative Type
- Document
- Title
-
Escudier, R., Clementi, E., Omar, M., Cipollone, A., Pistoia, J., Aydogdu, A., Drudi, M., Grandi, A., Lyubartsev, V., Lecci, R., Cretí, S., Masina, S., Coppini, G., & Pinardi, N. (2020). Mediterranean Sea Physical Reanalysis (CMEMS MED-Currents) (Version 1) [Data set]. Copernicus Monitoring Environment Marine Service (CMEMS). https://doi.org/10.25423/CMCC/MEDSEA_MULTIYEAR_PHY_006_004_E3R1
- Date (Creation)
- 2019-05-08
- Association Type
- Cross reference
- Initiative Type
- Reference
- Title
-
Iona, A., A. Theodorou, S. Sofianos, S. Watelet, C. Troupin, J.-M. Beckers, 2018: Mediterranean Sea climatic indices: monitoring long term variability and climate changes, Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2018-51, in review.
- Date (Creation)
- 2019-05-08
- Association Type
- Cross reference
- Initiative Type
- Reference
- Title
-
Masina S., A. Storto, N. Ferry, M. Valdivieso, K. Haines, M. Balmaseda, H. Zuo, M. Drevillon, L. Parent, 2017: An ensemble of eddy-permitting global ocean reanalyses from the MyOcean project. Climate Dynamics, 49 (3): 813-841. DOI: 10.1007/s00382-015-2728-5
- Date (Creation)
- 2019-05-08
- Association Type
- Cross reference
- Initiative Type
- Reference
- Title
-
von Schuckmann, K., F. Gaillard and P.-Y. Le Traon, 2009: Global hydrographic variability patterns during 2003-2008, Journal of Geophysical Research, 114, C09007, doi:10.1029/2008JC005237.
- Date (Creation)
- 2019-05-08
- Association Type
- Cross reference
- Initiative Type
- Reference
- Title
-
von Schuckmann et al., 2016: Ocean heat content. In: The Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service Ocean State Report, issue 1, Journal of Operational Oceanography, Volume 9, 2016 - Issue sup2: The Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service Ocean, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1755876X.2016.1273446.
- Date (Creation)
- 2019-05-08
- Association Type
- Cross reference
- Initiative Type
- Reference
- Title
-
von Schuckmann et al., 2018: Ocean heat content. In: The Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service Ocean State Report, issue 2, Journal of Operational Oceanography, 11:sup1, s1-s142, DOI: 10.1080/1755876X.2018.1489208
- Date (Creation)
- 2019-05-08
- Association Type
- Cross reference
- Initiative Type
- Reference
- Language
-
eng
- Topic category
-
- Oceans
- Description
-
bounding box
- Begin date
- 1993-01-01
- End date
- 2019-12-31
Vertical extent
- Minimum value
- 0
- Maximum value
- 0.0
Vertical CRS
- Supplemental Information
-
display priority: 57500
- Codespace
-
EPSG
- Number of dimensions
- 2
- Dimension name
- Row
- Dimension name
- Column
- Cell geometry
- Area
- Transformation parameter availability
- Distribution format
-
Name Version NetCDF-4
Classic model
- OnLine resource
-
Protocol Linkage Name WWW:STAC
https://stac.marine.copernicus.eu/metadata/MEDSEA_OMI_OHC_area_averaged_anomalies/medsea_omi_ohc_area_averaged_anomalies_202211/dataset.stac.json medsea_omi_ohc_area_averaged_anomalies
- Hierarchy level
- Series
Conformance result
- Title
-
COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No 1089/2010 of 23 November 2010 implementing Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards interoperability of spatial data sets and services
- Date (Publication)
- 2010-12-08
- Explanation
-
See the referenced specification
- Statement
-
The myOcean products depends on other products for production or validation. The detailed list of dependencies is given in ISO19115's aggregationInfo (ISO19139 Xpath = "gmd:MD_Metadata/gmd:identificationInfo/gmd:aggregationInfo[./gmd:MD_AggregateInformation/gmd:initiativeType/gmd:DS_InitiativeTypeCode/@codeListValue='upstream-validation' or 'upstream-production']")
- Attribute description
- observation
- Content type
- Physical measurement
- Descriptor
-
temporal resolution: annual mean
- Descriptor
-
vertical level number: 0
- Included with dataset
- Feature types
- Point series
Metadata
- File identifier
- 44667b32-ed06-40df-a687-a2d738cb26db
- Metadata language
- English
- Character set
- UTF8
- Hierarchy level
- Series
- Hierarchy level name
-
Copernicus Marine Service product specification
- Date stamp
- 2024-03-26T09:20:57.405Z
- Metadata standard name
-
ISO 19139, MyOcean profile
- Metadata standard version
-
0.2
- Metadata author
-
Organisation name Individual name Electronic mail address Role CMEMS
Local service desk